To identify sundown syndrome, it is important to observe whether the following behaviors are repeated consistently in the late afternoon:
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Sudden change in mood
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Aggressive or irritable reactions for no apparent reason
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Greater confusion compared to the rest of the day
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Restlessness or a tendency to wander aimlessly
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Difficulty sleeping or insomnia
The temporal pattern of symptoms is key to diagnosis: they worsen in the evening and usually improve in the morning.
Possible treatments and approaches
There is no specific treatment for sundowning syndrome, but there are strategies that help reduce its impact:
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Structured routine : maintaining regular times for meals, hygiene, and rest, which can reduce anxiety
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Appropriate lighting : using bright light in the late afternoon to help synchronize the biological clock
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Avoiding stimulants : limiting caffeine and sugars late in the day
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Calming activities : listening to quiet music, light exercise, or relaxing reading at the end of the day
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Pharmacological treatment : in severe cases, a doctor may prescribe medication for anxiety or insomnia.
Tips for caregivers
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Stay calm and don’t argue with the patient.
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Provide a safe and risk-free environment
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Take care of good hydration and nutrition
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Rest and seek support: self-care for caregivers is vital
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Consult with medical professionals for personalized treatment
